MAIN  LIBRARY  AGRIC.  DEPT. 


LI. 


ILL  I   STR AT  IONS 


-0^ 


NOR  T  II     A  M  ERIC  A  X     K  X  T  0  M  0  L  0  G  Y , 


NAD  A,) 


fiv  TOWNEND    GLOVER,  WASHINGTON,  D.   C. 


ORTHOPTERA, 


CONTENTS: 

Introdnction Ill 

Arrangement  of  Families 

Plates 

Notes  on  Food  and  Habite  of  Orthoptera 

Parasites 

List  of  Substances  Injured  by  Orthoptera 

List  of  Genera  figured 


List  of  Species  figured ' 

Ljst  of  Desiderata  and  Errata 11 


\V.\ 


IL LUSTRATIONS 


OF 


NORTH  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGY, 


(UNITED  STATES  AND  CANADA,) 


TO\VNEND    GLOVER,  WASHINGTON,  D.   C. 


ORTHOPTERA. 


CONTENTS: 

Introduction Ill 

Arrangement  of  Families V 

Plates 

Notes  on  Food  and  Habits  of  Orthoptera 1 

Parasites 2 

List  of  Substances  Injured  by  Orthoptera 6 

List  of  Genera  figured 7 

List  of  Species  figured 9 

List  of  Desiderata  and  Errata „ 11 


WASHINGTON,  D.  C.: 

J.  8.  TOMLINSON,  PRINTER  ASD  BOOKSELLER, 
1872. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1872,  by 

TOWNEND  GLOVER, 
in  the  Office  of  the   Librarian  of   Congress  at  Washington,  D.  C. 

MAIN  LIBBARY  AGRIC.  DEFT. 


Hagon,  Stett.^rt.Zoit.j-wl.xlviiijp.  131- 
142(1887),  says  there  were  but  fifteen  of  these 
published,  or  rathor  distributed.  Six  are  in 
TCuropo  and  nine  in  this  country.  Five  plates 
additional  to  the  ones  in  this  book  v/ere  printed 
in  1876.*- 


INTRODUCTION. 


It  is  not  the  design  of  the  author  in  the  following  work,  to  present 
-  or  highly-finished  engravings  of  North  American  Ortfaoptera,  but 
merely  figures,  giving  a  general  idea  of  their  form,  size,  and  color,  to  aid  the 
young  Entomologist  in  the  identification  of  species.  At  the  same  time  refer 
ence  is  made  to  their  names  in  MR.  SAMUEL  H.  SCUDDER'S  "Catalogue  of 
Orthoptera  of  North  America,"  published  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution, 
Washington,  18G8,  and  to  his  "Materials  for  a  Monograph  of  the  North 
American  Orthoptera,"  published  in  "Proceedings  Boston  Society  Natural 
History,  1862,"  where  many  original  descriptions  as  well  as  the  names  of 
their  authors  may  be  found.  The  REV.  CYRUS  THOMAS  has  described  many 
new  species  in  the  "Proceedings  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences," 
Philadelphia,  1870,  and  in  the  "  Geological  Surveys  of  Territories,  made  by 
DR.  F.  V.  HAYDEN,"  1870  and  1871. 

In  some  cases  it  has  been  found  necessary  to  figure  European  insects, 
where  no  specimens  of  the  allied  genera  or  species  could  be  procured  in  the 
1' ni ted  States.  In  all  such  instances,  the  figures  will  be  marked  as  European, 
and  due  credit  given  to  the  original  work  from  which  they  were  taken. 

In  the  arrangement  of  the  list  accompanying  each  plate,  the  first  name 
given  is  always  that  of  the  latest  and  best  authority ;  and  the  last,  the  name  of 
the  genus  in  which  it  was  formerly  placed  by  its  first  discoverer.  As  the  works 
of  SAY  and  HARRIS  are  most  widely  disseminated  in  the  Northern  and  East 
ern  states,  their  names  will  also  be  given  as  synonyms  when  deemed  necessary. 

Some  of  the  insects  figured  have  been  transferred  from  other  orders 
to  the  Orthoptera,  for  the  reasons  given  below,  namely: — The  Thripida: 
were  formerly  placed  by  WESTWOOD  by  themselves  in  Thysanoptera,  and 
more  lately  by  DR.  PACKARD  among  the  Hemiptera :  1  nit  as  WESTWOOD  distinct 
ly  says  that  "as  they  possess  two  setiform  mandibles,  and  the  disposition  of 
the  other  parts  of  the  mouth  are  those  of  a  real  mandibulatcd  insect,"  they 
cannot  properly  be  retained  amongst  the  haustellate  Hemiptera,  and  are 
therefore  placed  provisionally  amongst  the  Orthoptera.  Podura  and  its 
allies  also  possess  small  mandibles  with  minute  teeth,  and  are  not  mentioned 
by  MR.  SCUDDER  in  his  list  of  Orthoptera;  but  as  LETM.-  in  his  "Synopsis 


M7314' 


IV  INTRODUCTION. 

der  drei  Naturreiche"  places  them  under  the  head  of  "Division  B,  false  or 
wingless  Orthoptera,"  they  have  also  been  classed  with  the  Orthoptera  until 
a  better  place  can  be  found  for  them.  The  Mallophaga  or  bird  lice  also 
possess  distinct  jaws  instead  of  a  sucking  tube,  (Verrill,)  and  have  small  and 
hook-like  mandibles.  Such  being  the  case,  they  cannot  be  placed  with  the 
true  Pediculina  which  are  decidedly  haustellate,  and  are,  therefore,  also 
placed  provisionally  in  Division  B,  or  Wingless  Orthoptera  of  LEUNIS. 

The  text  to  accompany  these  plates  will  consist  of  merely  the  latest 
name,  and  some  of  the  principal  synonyms  of  the  insects  figured,  with  a 
concise  history  of  their  habits  as  far  as  known;  their  food,  habitat;  the  best 
remedies  used  to  destroy  them  if  injurious,  and  the  name  of  the  donor,  with 
a  very  short  description  of  the  principal  families,  or  genera,  and  in  some 
instances  a  brief  notice  of  the  principal  difference,  or  any  striking  peculiarity, 
which  distinguishes  closely  allied  species  from  each  other,  so  as  to  call  attention 
to  that  particularly  in  the  comparison  or  arrangement  of  specimens  in  a 
cabinet.  There  will  also  be  a  full  alphabetical  list  of  the  principal  vegetable 
and  animal  substances  injured  by  any  species  at  the  end  of  the  volume,  for 
the  use  of  farmers  who  do  not  understand  anything  about  Entomology,  but 
who  can  thus  be  enabled  to  identify -any  particular  insect  by  referring  to  the 
plant  on  which  it  is  generally  found  feeding. 

The  thanks  of  the  author  are  due  to  ME.  S.  I.  SMITH,  of  Yale  College, 
New  Haven,  Connecticut;  MR.  CHAS.  E.  DODGE,  of  Washington,  D.  C.;  MR. 
C.  V.  BJLEY,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.  for  specimens  kindly  given  from  their  own 
private  collections,  and  from  which  the  original  drawings  were  prepared. 
Especial  acknowledgment  is  due  to  the  KEY.  CYRUS  THOMAS,  of  Illinois,  and 
MR.  PHILIP  R.  UHLER,  of  Baltimore,  Md.,  not  only  for  type  specimens,  but 
also  for  their  valuable  aid  in  comparing  them  with  others,  and  in  determining 
doubtful  species.  It  may  also  be  well  to  observe,  that  the  original  type 
specimens  have  been  carefully  preserved  in  the  Entomological  cabinet  of  the 
Museum  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  in  Washington,  for  future  refer 
ence  by  any  Entomologist  who  may  wish  to  work  up  or  study  the  Orthopter- 
ous  insects  of  the  United  States  and  Canada. 

This  small  pioneer  edition  of  fifty  copies  is  intended  for  distribution  to 
Entomologists  and  Entomological  Societies  only.  The  plates  have  been 
etched  and  the  text  written  either  after  or  before  the  hours  of  official  duty ; 
and  it  is  also  published  at  the  expense  of  the  author,  and  not  by  the  Depart 
ment  of  Agriculture.  If  it  should  be  approved  of,  it  is  proposed  to  publish 
yearly,  or  from  time  to  time  additional  plates  &c.  of  the  same  size  and  in 
similar  style  of  any  new  or  rare  Orthoptera  which  may  be  added  to  our  list  by 
the  exploring  expeditions,  or  by  private  enterprise,  as  likewise  eventually  to 
illustrate  all  the  other  orders  of  insects  in  a  similar  manner. 


INTRODUCTION. 


The  following  table  of  the  principal  families  of  Orthoptfira  has  been  temporarily  arranged 
leu  the  u<e  of  young  Entomologist*  who  wish  to  classify  their  collections.  The  name  of  the 
family  to  which  each  insect  belongs  in  SITIMIK.K'S  Catalogue,  Ac. will  be  placed  (in  italics)  as  the  end 
nt  the  list  of  names  and  synonyms  appended  to  each  plate. 

Grvlhdes.     S,  i.d.le, .  1         ,&antl        or  flower  cril.ket_      Grvllus,  com- 

mon  cricket,  and  (iryllotalpa  or  mole  cricket. 

l'li:ineroptera,  Phylloptera,  Microcentrum  and  Cyr- 
tophylliu.  (Katvdids.)  Xypludium ;  Orcheli 
mum,  &<•.:  slender  meadow  grasshoppers  or 
Katvdids,  Ac.;  (Ceuthophilus,)  large  wingless 
cricket  or  grasshopper  of  Utah,  and  Hadense 
cus,  cave  wingless  cricket. 


I'ivi-iiin  A 

True 
Hrtlmpii-ra 


Scudd. 
OryOidat.      (Leach.) 


Wt* 


A.-rydii     S,u.|,l  I  Acridium,  Caloiitrnus.  ,Kdij.<xla,  Str,,,,!,,,tlirus,Ac.; 

true  grasslloppers:  an.l  T-ttix.  grouse  loOMta 


or  soothsayers. 
Coaches. 


Forficulariae.     Scudd.  IF, 

Forficulidae.    (Stephens.)     Westw.  }  B 

Fringed  I  T,in   .}         .,.,    ;  ,  M.       |/ori 

wings.    I  (  worid. 


Division  B. 

Fals,- 
l')r(liopti-ra 


of  Wett- 


\\  inglew.    ! 
Orthoptera. 


(  (formerly  order  Thy  sanurn. 

Poduridae.     Spring  and  bristle  tails,  }  Surm.,  and  hiti-li/  in  AVwrop- 

I  (era. 


D.    i   !• 
H,nl    lice, 


in  onlcr  Oi-tlin 
b<d  place<,  ,„   / 


,,.,,  ,,,,  ;,„,/,„,,/ 


.  Ai\. 


The  False  Orthoptfra  havi-  !»•<  u  put  after  the  True  OrthopteM,  so  that  they  may  citln-v  be 
i'ul  alt'^crlier,  or  rcinov*'.!  into  otln-r  orders  if  found  desirable. 


PLATE  I.— ORTHOPTERA. 


f  Platamodes  (Scudd.)  pennsvlvanica.  Scudd.  \ ......     11  <•  , 

(  Blatta  (Linn.)  De  Geer.  )  '' 


To.   Snidd.  Miiiin.  417.  j:/"/l'in., 


.,  f  Periplaneta  (Burm.)  amcricaiia.     Burm.)  ..         ...,  ,,  ,  ... 

-  \  Blatta  (Linn.)  Linn.} 

.,  i  Plat»modes(Scndd.)penn8ylvftnioft.  Scudd.)  ..        _.  ..  ,,- 

I  Blatta  (Linn.)  DC  0«er.  ) 

.  f  Eotobia  (Wcstw.)  "cnaaiiic-a.     Stephens.)  ,.  ,,- 

4  i  Blatta  (Linn.)    '          "    Aude  &  Brullc.  ( 

c  f  Stylopyga  (Fischer)  orientalis.  Fisch.deW.  )  «x  n,. 

''  {  Blatta  (Linn.)  Linn.) 

6        "  "         ?  "        ?x.  -Mil. 

Diapheromera  (Gray)  femorata.     Scudd.  ) 

Bacteria  (Latr.)  Sayii.     Burm.  ,,         ,  , 

l'i:niincnlu»  (Burm.)  femoratus.     Uhler.    j 

Spirtruin  (Scrv.)  fomoratuni.     Say.  J 

f  Anisomorpha  (Soudd.)  buprestoides.  (iray. 
H<  Spectrum  (Serv.)  bivittatum.     Say. 
(  riiasma  (Licht.)  Imprcstoiiles.     Stoll. 

H  Stenopelmatus  (Burm.)  talpa.  $  Burm.  "         7>s.  ". 

10  Labia  (Leach)  minuta.    Scudd.  "         1">.  II"'. 

11  Thftonotrizon  (Fischer)  dorsale.   9   Burm.                          o.  o. 
\-l  (in-llotalpa  (Latr.)  longipennis.  J1  Scudd.                            J'.i.  4^i. 

12  f  Gryllns  (Linn.)  pennsylvanicus.  $Bunn.  )  ..         .,(.  ..  |.u 
(  Acheta  (Fab.)  pcnnsylvanica     Uhlcr.      j 

1.4        "  J1    "  .Hi.  Us. 


(  Arridiura  (Gooff.)  americanum. 

!">•!  Cyrtacanthacris(Walk.)  "  Walk.  >  I.  lun.   A.-n/./ii 

[  (iryllus  (Linn.)  Drury. 

(  Caloptenus  (Serv.)  bivittatus.  $  Uhler. 
Hi<  "        femoratus.     Burm. 

(  (iryllus  (Linn.)  biviuatus.     Say. 

*Scndder's  Catalogue  and  Monograph,  SIT  Intrc»lui-tinn. 


e  u.  i  v .  c  t- 


r,  ~  ',  „'  !  ~ 


PLATE  II.— ORTHOPTKRA. 

MANTIS  CAROLINA:     (Linn.)     Scudder's  Catalogue,  p.  48.     f'hasmufa 

Fig.  1  Egg  case. 

2  Egg  case  with  young  escaping. 

3  Young  Mantis  devouring  another. 

4  Young  Mantis  in  the  Nymph  state.     (Gray  variety.) 

5  Young      "  "  "        (Green  variety.) 

6  Imago.     Mantis  Carolina.     (Linn.)     ^ 

7  "  "  9   (Gray  var.) 

9  (Green  var.) 
9     Egg  case  cut  longitudinally  to  exhiliit  structure. 

10  " 

11  "  "      transversely 

12  Wings  of  c? 

13,  14,  15     Base  of  Antennae,  fore  legs  and  tarsi. 
16     Wings  of  9 
*  1 7     Sciara  ? 

*This  fly  was  popularly  believed  to  be  connected  with  the  yellow  fever  whirli  raged  in  Norfolk,. 
Va.  in  1855.  They  were  exceedingly  numerous  there  during  the  whole  time  the  yellow  lever  was 
prevalent  in  that  year,  and  hence  were  known  in  Norfolk  and  its  vicinity  as  "yellow  fever  flies." 
(See  Sciara  in  Diptera.) 


"f  I'tJ 
ff  r  r,  -  i  j  f 


PLATE  III.— ORTHOPTERA. 


•,.•     ,  j  /F.dipoda  (Latr.)  eucerata.     Uliler.  1  .,      u   n»«.   en  a     i  i   \r 

1  i  Locusta  (Linn.)  Harr.   }  >""''L  Mono-  472'  '1'v.'/'/"- 

a  9    -  ••      so.  472. 

{.Kdipoda  (Latr.)  discoidea.     tf     Serv.  ) 
Acridium  (Geoff.)  tuberculatum.    Pal  d*  I  "         5H.  "  4(>9. 

Beauv. 


,  (  Romalea  (Serv.)  microptera.     $     Serv.  1 
(  Gryllus  (Fab.)  centurio.     Burm.  ) 

f  Ceuthophilus  (Scudd.)  maculatus.  ?8cudd. 
Rhaphidophora  (Charp.)  maculata.    Harr. 
5  j  Phalanjjopsis  (Burm.  Harr. 

1  ^phippigera  (Serv.)  "  day. 

MSS. 


74. 


'21.  "  484. 


(i     Tridactylus  (Oliv.)  torminalis.     Scudd.  "         «2.  425.  GrylMr*. 

(  -Edipoda  (Latr.)  discoidea.      £     Serv. 

•'  Acridium  (Geoff. )  tuberculatum.     Pal  de   \  "       .56.  468. 

Beauv. 

8     Kdipoda  (Latr.)  corallipes.      9     Hald. 

;j  J  Nemobius  (Serv.)  vittatus.     $     Scudd. 
1  I  Acheta  (f  ab.)  servilis.  Harr.  and  Say  MSS. 

1(1  "         T.4.  480. 

II     Orochans  (Uhlc-r.)  ealtator.      J      I'ld.-r.  "         58.  0 

'-  "  cf        "  "         58.  "  o. 


~  r,  . 
M  ['  r  r,  -  \  j  r 


PLATE  IV. — ORTHOPTERA. 


r  CEcanthus  (Serv.)   niveus.     9     DP  Gei-r.  ) 

Fig.  1  •{          "  "        fasciatus.     Fitch.  t  Scudd.  Cat.  55.  Scudd.  Mono.  431. 

(  Gryllus  (Linn.)  niveus.     Oliv. 

2        "  "      J1    "  "         55.  431. 

C  Microcentrum  (Scudd.)  retinervis.     9        ) 

3-^      Scudd.  "        53.  43H.  Locuntariae. 

(  Phylloptera  (Serv.)  "  Burin.  J 

(  Phylloptera  (Serv.)  oblongifolia     9          ") 

4  Burm.  "        68.  445. 
(  Locusta  (Linn.)                    "        De  Geer.  J 

I"  (Ecanthus  (Serv.)  bipunctatua.      9 

5  _De  G,eer-  "        55.  432.  OrytKdet. 
}  (Lcanthus              punctulatus.    Fitcii. 

[  Gryllus  (Linn.)  bipunctatus.     De  Qeer.  J 
(i         "  "  9       "  "         55.  432. 

7  (  Orchelimum  (Serv.)  vulgare.      9     Harr.  1  ,.         59  „  «2.  ioewtono*. 
(  Pterophylla  (kirby  MSS.)  agilis.      Harr.  j 

8  "  "      J1     "  "         59.  452. 

f  Mesops  (Serv.)  Wyomingen.is.      Thomas.  |  rroceedi        Academy  Natural  Scieilce. 

9  ]0poraala  (Serv.  emend.)  Wyommgensis.     ^     Philadelphia,  1871.  A^rydii. 
(      Thomas.                                                     J 

iXyphidium  (Serv.)  fasoiatum.    $    Serv.  ] 
rterophylla  (Kirby  •  MSS.)  fasciata.   Harr.  I  gcudd_  c  t  84.  Scudd.  Mono.  451.  LoetUtanac. 
Orchelimum  (berv.)  graeile.     Harr. 
Locusta  (Linn.)  fasciata.     De  Geer. 

11     Xyphidium  (Serv.)  brevipennia.    9    Scudd.  84.  451. 

,„  (  Conocephalus  (Thunb.)  ensiger.   9    Harr.  |  ,,         1,9  "  449  " 

(  Locusta  (Linn.)  acurninata.     Stoll.  j 

13  Stenobothrus  (Fisch.)  admirabilis.      Uhler.  "         77.  0.  A<->y</ii. 

<  Pyrgomorpha  (Fisch.)  brevicornis.     9      1 
Thomas.  j 

Opomala  (Serv.  emend.)        "  ,,         So  .,  ., 

14  Truxalis  (Linn.)  "         Fab.      I 
I  Gryllus  (Linn.)  (Acridium  Fab.)  brevi- 


cornis.     Linn. 

•m.)concavus.  r?  Scudd.  1 

\ TT 

-141.    1,01-,1.^'ir'i'i'- 


rCyrtophyllu8(Burm.)concavus.  $  Scudd.  ] 
Platyphyllum  (Serv.)  concavum.      Harr. 
Pterophylla  (Kirby  MSS.)  concava.     Say  j 
and  Harr. 

Ege  and  young  of  Microcentrum  rctin-      ) 

•  C!  1J  Cl  T*'  O 

ervis.     Scudd.     See  Jig.  3.  j 


IV 


"  t/ 
-,r,~.tjrs 


PLATE  V. — ORTHOPTERA. 


Fig.  1 


f  *Tettix  (Latr.  emend.)  ornata.     Scudd. 
Tetrix  (Latr.)  quadrimaculata.   $   Harr. 

Var.  figured. 

Tetrix  (Latr.)  bilneatus.     Harr.    Var. 
"         dorsalis. 
"        sordida. 
"         arenosa.     Burm 
Acridium  (Geoff.)  ornatum.     Say 


Seudd.  Cat.  79.  Scudd.  Mono.  174.  A 


C  jEdipoda  (Latr.)  Carolina.     Burm. 
•3<  Locusta  (Linn.)  caroliniana.    Catesby. 
(  Locusta  (Linn.)  corolina.    Linn.  &  Harr. 

{vEdipoda  (Latr.)  phoenicoptera.      $ 
Germ. 
Locusta  (Linn.)  corallina.     Harr. 

C  Acridium  (Geoff.)  rubigmosum.   9    Harr. 
5 1      MSS. 
(  Acridium  (Geoff.)  damnificum.      Sauss. 

C  .iEdipoda  (Latr.)  sulphurea.     $      Burm. 
6-^  Gryllus  (Fab.)  "          Fab. 

(  Locusta  (Linn.)  "         Linn  &  Harr. 

C  Tettix  (Latr.  emend)  laleralis.     Scudd. 
7  i  Tetrix  (Latr.)  Harr. 

( Acrydium  (Geoff.)  "  Say. 

o  f  Batrachidea(3erv.)cristata.  Scudd,  (Var.)  ) 
(  Tetrix  (Latr.)  "         Harr.  MSS.     j 

f  Tragocephala  (Harr.)  vindifasciata.     9 

Harr. 

9  I  Tragocephala  (Harr.)  radiata.     Harr. 
.<Edipoda  (Latr.)  virginiana.     Burm. 
[  Acridium  (Geoff)  virginianum.     Oliv. 

f  Egg  of  Phaneroptera  (Serv.)  curvicauda. 

10 1      Serv' 

Phaneroptera  (Serv.)  angustifolia.    Harr. 

[  Locusta  (Linn.)  curvicauda.     De  Geer. 

f  Caloptenus  (Serv.)  femur  rubrum.       9 
11  ]      Burm. 

(  Acridium  (Geoff.)  femur  rubrum.     Harr. 

.  9  f  Acridium  (Geoff.)  obscurum.     9     Burm. 
u|  Gryllus  (Fab.) 

f  ^Edipoda    (Latr.)    eucerata.      Uhler    in  ] 
13  Harr.j  Florida  variety. 

[  Locusta  (Linn.)     Harr. 

. .  (  Stenobothrus  (Fischer.)  maculipennis.    9 
{      Scudd. 

-  -  (  Stenobothrus  (Fischer,)  longipenuis.     c? 
15        Scudd 


79. 


56. 


57. 


47. 


79. 


11. 


82. 


20. 


6. 


56. 


77. 


0. 


474. 


468. 


408. 


467. 


470. 


477. 


478. 


461. 


448. 


464. 


407. 


0. 


458. 


457. 


(  Caloptenus  (Serv.)  bivittatus.    ^    I'hler.  ] 

16  <  "       femoratus.     Burm.  "         20.  l'i">.         " 

(  Gryllus  (Linn.)  bivittatus.     Say.  ) 

*A11  these  so-called  species  of  Harris,  Ac.,  are  said  (by  'Scudder)  to  lie  merely  varieties  of  Tettix 
ornata,  (Scudd.)  (Acridium  ornatum,  Say.)  and  that  the  T."  ornata  of  Harris  is  the  T.  granulatus  ol 
Scudder's  monograph,  p.  414. 


"  fi  /'  I II  tl 

M  K  r  r,  - 1 J  /• 


PLATE  VI. — ORTHOPTERA. 


j"  Philopterus(Nitzsch.)  falcicornis.  Nitzsch. 
y  -i  \      Europe.     From  *Leunis,  p.  650. 

j  Pediculus  (Linn.)  pavonius.     Linn.     Eu- 
[      rope.     From  Leunis. 

2  Machilis  (Latr.)  variabilis.      Say.     Massachusetts. 

3  Machilis  (Latr.)  variabilis.     Say.     Massachusetts. 

4  Phlocethrips  (Halid.)   coriacea.      Halid.     From  Westwood. 

5  Thrips  (Linn.)  sp.?     Europe.     From  Leunis,  p.  648. 

6  Lepisma  (Linn.)  saccharina.     Linn.     From  Leunis,  p.  650. 

7  Podura  (Linn.)  villosa.      Fab.      Europe.     From  Leunis,  p.  650. 
7a.  Smynthurus  (Latr.)  sp.?  Not  described.     (Maryland,  in  fungi.) 

8  Trichodectea  (Nitzsoh.)  latus.      De  Geer.     Europe.     From  Leunis,  p.  651. 

9  Thrips  (Linn.)  sp.?      (Maryland,  in  greenhouse.) 


Mallophaga. 

Apterous.       \ 
Orthoptera.   } 

Tlirijndfc. 


Orthoptera. 


Mallophai/a. 
Thripulce. 


, Q  f  Chloealtis  (Harr.)  conspersa.     , 
(  Chloealtis  (Harr.)  abortiva. 

1 ,  (  Chloealtis   (Harr.)   viridis.      9     Scudd.  \ 
{  Stenobothrus (Fischer. )viridis.  9   Scudd.  j 


Scudd.  Cat.  22.  Scudd.  Mono.  455.  Acrydii. 


Scudd. 
Scudd. 

12     Phylloptera  (Serv.)  rotundifolia.    9    Scudd. 

("  Nemobius  (Serv.)  fasciatus.      9      Scudd. 
13-^  Acheta  (Fab.)  hospes.     Fab. 

(  Gryllus  (Fab.)  fasciatus.     De  Geer. 

-,  /,  j  Gryllus  (Fab.)  domesticus.     9     Pack. 
(  Acheta  (Fab.)  domestica.     Thomas.     111. 

IStenohothrus  (Fischer.)  curtipennis.     $ 
Scudd. 
Chloealtis  (Harr.)  curtipennis.     Harr. 
Locusta  (Linn.)  " 

16  Pezotettix  (Burm.)  borealis.      9     Scudd. 

17  "  "  J> 

18  ••  "  -  Q 
19 

20 
21 
22 
23 


24 


Forficula  (Linn.)  sp.  ?     From  N.  Y. 

Cryptocercus  (Scudd.)  punctulatus.  Scudd. 

Stenobothrus  (Fisch.)  aequalis.     9  Scudd. 

Phyllopalpus   (Uhler.)   pulchellus.  Uhler. 
(Edipoda  (Latr.)  eucerata.     $     Erichs. 

f  Opomala  (Serv.  emend.)  bivittatta.  9 
Serv. 


22. 
69. 

'55. 


77. 

63. 
63. 
63. 

24. 

77. 
68. 
50. 


455. 
445. 

430. 
0. 

456. 

464. 
464. 
464. 

420. 

459. 

0. 

472. 


Loctistarice. 
Gryllides. 

Acrydii. 


Forjicularice 

Blatta.riae. 
Acrydii. 
Gryllides. 
Acrydii. 


|  Opsornala  (Serv.)  bivittatta.     Serv. 

[  Acridium  (Geoif.)  De  Haan. 

25     Phrynotettix  verruculata  (Uhler.  MSS.) 
From  Pecos  River,  Texas. 

2(5  f  Opomala(Serv.  emend.)  bivittatta  J1  Serv. 
'    {  Opsomala  (Serv.) 


27 


Stenobothrus  (Fischer.)  maculipennis. 
Var.  Scudd. 


76. 


0 
0 


*Leunis.     "  Synopsis  dor  drei  Naturreiehe."     Hannover. 


9OC? 


"  r, 
<"  r>~  U  r 


PLATE  VIL— ORTHOPTERA. 


("  Tettigidea  (Scudd.)  polymorpha.     Scndd.    ] 
Tetrix  (Latr.)  parvepennis._  Harr.  \  Scudd.  Cat.  79  Scudd.  Mono.  477.  Acrydii. 


( 


polymorpha.  Burm  (Var.  B.)  J 


f  Phaneroptera  (Serv.)   curvicauda.     J1 

2  J      (Serv-) 

Phaneroptera  (Serv.)  augustifolia.     Harr. 
[  Locusta  (Linn.)  curvicauda.     De  Geer. 


f  Ceuthophilus  (Scudd.)  lapidicolus      £ 
4        (Scudd.) 

Bhaphidiphora  (Charp.)  lapidicola.  Burm. 
[  Phalangopsis  (Serv.)  Burm. 


f  Orchelimum  (Serv.)  vulgare.     rP      Harr  1 
1  Pterophylla  (Kirby  MSS.)  agilis.      Harr.   | 


f  Copiophora   (Walk.)   mucronata       <f      ] 

8  J       Thomas.     (Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.  I 

1871;  444,  and  Can.  Ent.  1872. 
[  Copiphora  (Serv.  of  Agass.)  J 

9  f  OMipoda  (Latr.)  marmorata.      $     Uhler.  ) 
\  Locueta  (Linn.)  "  Harr.  j 

IStenobothrus  (Fischer.)  curtipennis.     r3> 
Scudd. 
Chloealtis  (Harr.)  curtipennis    J1    Harr. 
Locusta  (Linn.)  "  "     Harr. 

, ,  f  Brachypeplus   (Charp.)   magnus.       9 
(      Girard. 

19  f  Stylopyga(Fisch.)orientalis.    ?    Fischer, 
' '  Blatta  .(Linn.)     ' 


f  Gryllotalpa  (Latr.)  borealis.     $     Burm.  ] 
"        brevipennis.     Serv.        ' 
"        americana.  Say.  MSS. 
"  "        borealis.     Burm. 


14  Daihina  (Hald.)  brevipes.     $     Hald. 

15  "  "  "  9 


,o  f  Anabrus  (Hald.)  haldemannii.    $  Girard.  1 
{  Pterolepia  Thomas,  j 

Gryllus  (Linn.)  abbreviatus.      9     Serv.  ) 
Acheta  (Fab.)  abbreviate.     Harr.  j 

,  „  f  Nemobius  (Serv.)  exiguus.     Q     Scudd       1 
18  {  Acheta  (Fab.)  exigua.    Say.  } 


65. 

65. 
21. 

21. 
57. 
57. 

23. 

56. 

77. 

20. 

78. 

29. 

24. 
24. 

3. 
30. 
55. 


448.  Locustariae. 

448. 

435. 

435. 

452.   GryUidcs. 

452. 

0.  Acrydii. 

473. 
456. 

0. 
416.  Slattariae. 

456.   Gryllidcs. 

443.  Locustariae, 
443. 

0. 

427.  Gryllides. 
429. 


~  n  ,v  i  K  » 
t  t i'  r  o  "  f  J 


PLATE  VIII.— ORTHOPTERA. 


Fig.  1     Caloptenus  (Serv.)  spretus.  9  Uhler  MSS.  Scudd.  Cat.     0.  Scudd.  Mono. 

?       1 


( Caloptenus  (Serv.)  femur-rubrum. 
2 1      Burm. 
( Acridium  (Geoff.)        "          "  Harr. 

f Scudd.  in  Hay- 
den's     Geol. 

3  CEdipoda  (Latr.)  atrox.  \    Surv.Neb.253. 

I  Hayden's  Geol. 
[  Surv.,  1871, 458. 

4  f  Pezotettix  (Burm.)  picta.     $     Thomas.     1 
|      Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Scien.,  Phil.  1870.        j 

(Thamnotrizon  (Fischer.)  trilineatus.     9      1 
Thomas.     Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr., 
1871,  p.  443. 
Decticus  (Serv.)  trilineatus.  J 

( Hadenfflcus  (Scudd.)  subterraneus.      $      1 

6  j      Scudd.  [ 

(  Rhaphidophora  (Charp.)  subterraneus.       j 

(•  Tettix  (Latr.  emend. ) lateralis (?)  ?  Scudd.  ) 

74  Tetrix  (Latr.)  Harr.    I 

(  Acridium  (Geoff)  "  Say.     j 

0  (  Ceuthophilus  (Scudd.)  Uhleri.  9  (affinis.)  I 
|      Scudd  ] 

f  Udeopsylla  (Scudd.)  robusta.    J1    Scudd.  ) 

9  i  Phalangopsis  (Serv.)        "  Hald     J. 

(  Daihinia  (Hald.)  "  ••        j 

,  Q  f  Boopidon  (Thomas.)  flavofasciatum.     9     1 
{    Thomas.  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  1870.  } 

, ,  |  Stauronotus  (Fischer.)  Elliotti.  9  Thomas  ) 
I      Pr.  Acad.  Nat.  Scien.  Phil.  1870,  82.       J 

12 1  Caloptenus    (Serv.)    differentialis.     9       ) 
{      Thomas.  | 

f  Acridium  (Geoff.)  alutaceum.      9     Harr.  ] 
,0  J      (Small  spec.) 

1  I  Acridium  rusticum  (Burm.  only.) 

"         torvum.     Say.  and  Harr. 

f  Copiopliora  (Walk.)  mucronata.      9  ] 

1itJ       Thomas.       Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr 

1871,  p.  444. 
[  Copiphora  (Serv.) 

15     Camptonotus  (Uhler.)  Scudderi.   9   Uhler. 


20. 


40. 


79. 


21. 


83. 


5. 


4. 


2H. 


21. 


0.  Acrydii. 
464. 


Locustariae. 


440. 


477.  Acrydii. 


435.  Locustariae. 


443. 


466. 


0. 


Locustariae, 


VI II 


c  ~  - 


"fi  ,\'f  ICtJ 

r  f  i'  r  fi  "  f  J  /•  s 


PLATE  IX.— ORTHOPTERA. 


C  Anabrus  (Hald.)  simplex.      9     Hald.       ] 

Figl|      Thomas     Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.Terr.      Ucudd.  Cat.    8.  Soudd.  Mono.       Q.  Loeuttavcat, 
{      1871,  p.  438. 

(  (Edipoda  (Latr.)  tenebrosa.      ?     Scudd.  ] 

Thomas  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.  1871,  p.  459.  I  AerydK. 

2  1  Tomonotus  (Sauss.)  mexicanus.    Thomas.  ( 
Pr.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  1870. 

„  f  Brachypeplus  (Charp.)  virescens.      ?       )  "20  0. 

6  (      Charp.  ) 

.  f  Caloptenus    (Serv.)   differentialis.     c?       J  "5  0. 

4  I      Thomas.  J 

^  \ 

5  Gryllus  (Linn.)  formosus.     ?     Ray.  34.  0.   (fryllvie,. 

f  CEdipoda  (Latr.)  triiasciata.      ?     Walk. } 

Thomas.     Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.  I 

1871,  p.  456. 
(Edipoda  (Latr.)  pruinoaa.      Thomas.  39.  0.  Ar,;,</n. 

Pr.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  1870. 
Gryllus  (Linn.)  trifasciata.  Say.  Am.  Ent. 

Fig.  3,  pi.  3*. 

f  Acrolophitus  (Thomas.)   hirtipes        $      "I 
7\      Thomas.  38. 

(.  Gryllus  (Linn.)  hirtipes.     Say. 

a  (  Decticus  (Serv.)  pallidipalpis.  $  Thomas.  1  „         ,,j  ..  0    jlfl,.,lxt, ,,.;,/,. 

8  |      Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.  1871,  p.  442.   j 

„  f  Locusta  (Linn.)  fuligmosa.    J1     Thomas.)  -lm/«/ii 

y  \      Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.  1871,  p.  443.  | 

{Gryllus  (Linn.)  luctuosus.     $     Burm. 
.and  Serv. 
Acheta  (Linn.)  luctuosus. 

11     Acheta  (Linn.)  luctuosus     J1  "         35. 


IX 


C..LU-C 


-  n  ,v  I  K  H- 
r  \\r.r.r,',u  r 


PLATE  X.— ORTHOPf  ERA. 


Fig.l 


Diapheromera  (Gray)  fcmorata.      Scudd.  ] 

Bacteria  (Latr.)  sayii.     Burm.  Ucudd.  Oat.   1 1.  Scudd.  Mono.          Phaemida 

Bacunculus  (Burm.)  femoratus.     Lnler. 


Spectrum  (Serv.)  femoratum.     Say. 

2  f  Forficesila  (Latr.)  f  From  Westwood.  )  ,.         2?  .,  Q    ;.•„,.,,,„,„,,„, 

\      gigantea  Serv.     [        European.        ) 

o  J  Labia  (Leach)  minor.     Doubled.     1  „         «^  .,  .. 

{  Forficula  (Linn.)  minor.     Burm.     j 

f  Stenobothrus  (Fischer)  curtipennis.      9     1 

4  njrcudd.'  „  "        77.  456.  Acrydii. 
Chlo3altis  (Harr.)  curtipennis.     Harr. 

[  Locusta 

5  f  Chlcealtis  (Harr.)  viridis.      9      Scudd. 
I  Stenobothrus  (Fisch.)  viridis. 

(  CEdipoda  (Latr.)  verruculata.    9    Scudd.  1 

6<  Locusta  (Linn.)  latipennis.     Harr.  "         57.  471. 

(        "  "       verruculata.     Kirby.        j 

„  (  ffidipoda  (Latr.)  carinata.      9     Scudd.     )  ,. 

'  I      Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.,  Vol.  2,  p.  306.  ] 

8     Gryllus  (Linn.)  neglectus.    $  9     Scudd.  "         ?<(>.  428.   (li-ijlinlrs 

f  Phylloptera   (Serv.)   oblongifolia.     $      ] 

9<      Burm.  "         (>8.  445.   LoCMtanat 

(  Locusta  (Linn.)  oblongifolia.      De  Geer.  J 

{Traeocephala  (Harr.)   infuscata.      r?       } 
tfarr.  "         82.  4«il.    Arry./ii. 

Gomphocerus  (Thunb.)  infuscata.     Uhler.  J 

.,  (  ffidijjoda  (Latr.)  sordida.     tf     Burrn. 
I  Locusta  (Linn.)  nebulosa.     Harr. 

H:irr.  i  „         .,0 


.  „  f  Ghloealtis  (Harr.)  conspersa.      9 
|          "  "         abortiva. 

13     Acridium  (Geoff.)  alutaceum.     9     Harr  4.  4iiH. 

.,  f  Stenobothrus  (Fisch.)  maculipennis.     9     )  .•         77  "  45^ 

{      Scudd.  j 


PLATE  XI.— ORTHOPTERA. 


Fig.  1     Acridium  (Geoff.)  frontalis.  9  Thomas.  Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  1871,  p.  448. 

( Caloptenus    (Serv.)  occidentals.       9        "1 

3J      Thomas.      Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  \  Acrydn. 

(      1871,  p.  453. 

3     Caloptenus  (Serv.)  viridie.  $  Thomas.  Hayden'sGeol.  Surv.  Terr.,  1871,  p.  450. 

Caloptenus  (Serv.)  Dodgei.    J1     Thomas. 
Hayden's  Geol.   Surv.   Terr.,  1871, 
p.  451. 

Caloptenus  (Serv.)  Dodgei.  tf  Thomas. 
Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  1871, 
p.  451. 

e  f  Caloptenus  (Serv.}  differentialis.       tf        1    gcudd    Ca(.      5 
(      Thomas.     (Dark  var.)  j 

{Opomala  (Serv.  emend.)  bivittata.      9       ) 
Say.  [  "          58. 

Opsomala  (Serv.)  J 

Mesops    (Serv.)    Wyomingensis.       $       ] 

8  Thomas.     Proc.  Phil.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,     ( 
187.1. 

Opomala  (Serv.  emend.) 

9  Caloptenus  (Serv.)  Dodgei.     $     Thomas.     (See  above.) 

{Caloptenus  (Serv.)  Turnbullii.  $  Thomas. 
(Var.  A.)  Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr., 
1871,  p.  452. 

11  [  Ephippitytha  (Serv.)  gracilipes.       $       )  Locustariat. 
\      Thomas.                                                     ) 

12  Phaneroptera  (Serv.)  coloradensis.     $     Thomas.     MSS. 

("  Pezotettix  (Burm.)  obesa.     9     Thomas.  ] 

13-^      Hayden's  Geol.   Surv.,   Terr.,  1871,      \  Acrydii. 

(      p.  454. 

14  Pezotettix  (Burm.)  obesa.     9     Thomas. 

15  Ephippigera  (Serv.)  tschivavensis.     ?     (Hald.)     Stansbury's  Report. 

{Locusta  (Linn.)  occidentalis.  9  Thomas. 
Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  1871,  p. 
444. 

("  Pterolepis  (Serv.)  minutus.     9     Thomas.  ' 

17<      Hayden'sGeol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 441.  J-  LoetutariM, 

(  Anabrus  (Hald.)  mmutus.     Thomas. 


,  ;     . 


•  fi   .V  I  KU 

r  \\r.r.r,~\j r  z 


PLATE  XII.— ORTHOPTERA. 


Fig.  1  Nirmus  argulus.    From  Rev.  J.  G.  Wood.     Nat.  Hist.,  illustrated,  p.  686.  Mallophaya. 

2  Menapon  pallidum.     Nat.  Hist.,  Illustrated,  p.  686. 

3  Triohodectes  longicornis.     Nat.  Hist.,  illustrated,  p.  685. 

4  Trichodectes  equi.    Nat.  Hist,  illustrated,  p.  685. 

5  Docophorus  cygni.  Nat.  Hist.,  illustrated,  p.  686. 

6  Haematopinus  piliferup.     Nat.  Hist.,  illustrated,  p.  685. 

("  Haematopinus  suis.      Denny  Monog.  an- 
?•{      oplurum.      Nat.   Hist.,   illustrated,  p. 
[      685. 

8  CEdipoda  (Latr.)  rugosa.     $     Scudd.  Scudd.  Cat.  55.  Scudd.  Mono.  4G9.  Acrydii. 

9  Thnps  (Linn.)  cerealeum.     Halid.  From  an  English  work.  Thripidte. 
10 

11  Thloeothrips  autumnalis.   Uhler.    Found  on  Oak,  Md. 

10  f  (Edipoda  (Latr.)  montana.     ?     Thomas.  1  Arnirln 

12  1      Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  1871,  p.  462.  } 

( (Edipoda  (Latr.)  cincta.       ?       Thomas. 
13^      Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  1870.  70. 
(.      Hayden'sGeol.Surv.Terr.,1871,p.464. 

-.  ,  (  Caloptenus  (rierv.)  griseus.     ?     Thomas.  1  ,, 

11  \     Ilayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  1871,  p  454.  ) 

-  (  (Edipoda  (Latr.)  undulata.      Thomas.       \  „ 

ID1      Hayden'sGeol.Surv.Terr.,1871,p.460.  ) 

10     Mantis  (Linn.)    New  sp.  Manti>/?*. 

(  CEdipoda  (Latr.)  maritima.     $      Scudd.  1    Scmld.  Cat  56.  Scudd.  Mono.  472. 
{  Locusta  (Linn.)  maritima.     (Harr.)  j  f 

(  Stenobothrus  (Fischer.)  curtipennis.  $  } 

I      Scudd.  .i  iry  .c  450 

1  Chlosaltis  (Harr.)  curtipennis.      Harr.  ( 

[  Locusta  (Linn.)  "  Harr.  J 

("  Tettix  (Latr.  emend.)  ornata.     Scudd.        1    . 

19  J  Acridiurn  (Fab.)  ornatum.     Say.     (From  V  79.  474. 

I      Say's  fig.)  J 

20.  CEdipoda  (Latr.)  pellucida.     ?     Scudd.  "  57.        %   "  472. 

f  CEdipoda  (Latr.)  carlingiana.  <j"  Thomas. 

21  \      Proo.Aoad.  Nat.  tfci.,Phil.,  1870,  81,  and 

[      Ilayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  1870,  p  275. 


XII 


-  0   .V  I  K  II 

M  r  r  r,  -  [  j  /• 


PLATE  XIII. — ORTHOPTERA. 


C  Eggs  of  Phylloptera  (Serv.)  oblongifolia.  ] 

Fig.  1 J.       Burm.  >   Scudd.  Cat.  68.  Scudd.  Mono.  445.  Locustariac, 

[  Locusta  (Linn.)  oblongifolia.     De  Geer.     J 

2    Pezotettix  (Burm.)  nebrascensis.  Thomas.  Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr. ,  1871, p.  455  Aerydii. 

„  f  (Edipoda  (Latr.)  Haldemanni.     Scudd.     Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.,  Neb.,  p.  253.  „ 

{  (Edipoda  (Latr.)  corallipe*.  Hald.    Stansbury's  Rep.,  p.  371,  pi.  10,  fig.  2. 

4  (Edipoda  (Latr.)  longipennis.     Thomas.     Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.,  1871,  p.  463. 

5  Batrachidea  (prob.)  pupa.     From  Md. 

r  (  Thamnotrizon  (Fischer)  scabricollis.    Thomas.     Hayden's  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  T        , 

{      1871,  p.  441. 

_  (  Stenopelmatus  (Burm.)  fasciatus.   Thomas,  (large  sp.  from  Gal.)  Hayden's  Geol.  ,, 

'  {      Surv.  Terr.,  1871,  p.  434. 

f  (Edipoda  (Latr  )  aequalis.     Uhler.  ] 

8  j  Locusta  (Linn.)        "  Harr.    I  Srudd.  Cat.  55.  Scudd.  Mono.  470.     Aerydii. 
[  Gryllus  (Linn.)         "            Say.     j 

9  Pezotettix  (Burm.)  unicolor.     Thomas. 

. Q  (  Boopidon  (Thomas)  nubilnm.  Thomas.  Hayden's  Geol.  Surv  Terr.,  1870,  p.  273.         ,, 
{  Boopidon  (Thomas)  nigrum.  Thomas.  Gryllus  (Linn.)  nubilus.     Say. 

11  Mantis  (Linn.)  missouriensis.     Riley.     MSS.  Manti<let. 

12  Mantis  (?)  Thomas.      From  Wyoming  Terr,  " 

13  Ozycoryphus  (Fischer) obscurus.  Thomas. Hayden'sGeol. Surv.  Terr.,  1871,  p466.  Aerydii. 

^x|*Acridium  (Geoff.)  semi-rubrum.  Sauseure.     Scudd.  Cat.  7.  „ 

(  Acridium  (Geoff.)  flavicorne  of  Stoll. 

,- f  Caloptenus  (Serv. )spretus.  Uhler.  (Young  insect.)  Thomas.  „ 

{      Desc.     Hayden's  Geol.    Surv.  1871,  p.  451. 

*Acridium  semi-rubrum  is  said,  by  Rev.  CYRUS  THOMAS,  to  have  been  taken  in  Southern  Texas, 
but  is  mentioned  by  FITCH  in  Trans.     N.  Y.  S.  Ag.  Soc.,  1856,  p.  490,  as  occurring  in  Cayenne  only. 


XIII 


'  6   .V  t  I'  I/ 

1 1'  ,r  r,  -  i  j  /• 


NOTES  ON  FOOD 

ASD 

HABITS  OF  ORTHOPTERA. 

The  list  of  vegetable  and  animal  substances  injured  by  Orthoptera,  as 
given  below,  comprises  a  very  small  number  of  the  mast  important,  as  it 
would  take  up  too  much  space  in  a  merely  preliminary  sketch  to  enumerate 
them  all. 

Should,  however,  the  text  relating  to  the  insects  figured  be  publish.'.], 
it  is  designed  to  give  a  full  list  of  all  the  substances  injured,  as  well  as  all 
the  insects  injuring  them,  as  mentioned  by  the  various  authors  who  have 
written  on  the  subject. 

Before  commencing  the  list  it  may,  however,  be  advisable  to  mention 
some  of  the  principal  families,  in  relation  to  their  food,  in  general  terms. 
The  Gryllina  (Ceuthophilus,  PI.  Ill,  Fig.  5;  (Ecanthus,  PI.  IV,  Figs.  1,  2,) 
are  mostly  vegetable  feeders,  whilst  Anabrus  simplex  (PI.  IX,  Fig.  1,)  varies 
its  diet,  according  to  the  KEV.  CYRUS  THOMAS,  by  devouring  the  Cicada,  or 
harvest-flies,  whenever  it  can  capture  them. 

The  true  crickets  (Gryllus  or  Acheti,  PI.  X,  Fig.  8,)  live  under  stones, 
&c.,  and,  although  vegetable  feeders,  living  on  roots  and  herbage,  yet,  in 
many  instances,  they  injure  animal  substances,  such  as  cloth,  leather,  &c., 
when  it  is  in  the  neighborhood  of  their  haunts.  The  Mole  crickets  (Gryl- 
lotalpa,  PI.  VII,  Fig.  13,)  burrow  under  the  earth  like  moles,  and  usually  feed 
on  roots  and  herbage,  and  in  Europe  do  considerable  injury.  The  Locustari;'*' 
(Phaneroptera,  PI.  VII,  Figs.  2,  3;  Cyrtophyllus,  PI.  IV,  Fig.  15,  katydids,) 
inhabit  shrubs  and  trees,  feeding  principally  on  their  foliage,  whilst  the 
slender  meadow  grasshopper,  Orchelimum  (PL  IV,  78,)  feeds  mostly  on  grass 
and  herbage.  The  wingless  Locustariae  (Stenopelmatus,  PI.  XIII,  Fig.  7,) 
live  on  the  ground  and  are  said  to  feed  on  vegetable  substances. 

The  Acrydii,  or  true  grasshoppers  and  locusts,  (Caloptenus,  PL  VII, 
Acridium,  PL  I,  Fig.  15;  (Edipoda,  PL  V,  Fig.  3;  and  Locusta,  PL  IX, 
Fig.  9,)  live  principally  amongst  the  grass  and  low  herbage,  and  devour  all 
kinds  of  vegetable  substances.  Some  species  assemble  in  great  IIUIH' 
when  migrating,  like  the  locust  of  scripture,  and  are  extremely  injurious  to 
almost  all  kinds  of  vegetation.  The  Mantides  (Mantis  Carolina,  PL  II,)  are 
altogether  predaceous.  They  kill  and  devour  all  other  insects  they  can  over- 


power,  and  are,  therefore,  almost  the  only  family  amongst  the  Orthoptera 
which  are  at  all  beneficial  to  the  farmer  as  destroying  other  injurious  insects. 
The  Phasmidae,  spectres,  or  walking  sticks,  (Diapheromera,  PL  X,  Fig.  1,) 
resemble  twigs,  in  form  and  color,  and  feed  on  the  foliage  of  various  shrubs 
and  trees,  whilst  the  Blattariae,  or  cockroaches,  (Stylopyga,  PI.  VII,  Fig.  12; 
Ectobia,  PI.  I,  Figs.  4,  5,)  are  almost  omnivorous,'  feeding  indiscriminately  on 
both  vegetable  and  animal  substances,  and  are  extremely  destructive  in  houses 
and  on  shipboard.  The  Forficulariae,  or  earwigs,  (Forficula,  PI.  X,  Fig.  2,) 
are  not  numerous  enough  in  this  country  to  do  much  injury,  but  in  Europe 
are  said  to  injure  flowers  and  ripe  fruit,  and  occasionally  to  feed  on  small  in 
sects.  The  Thripidae  certainly  do  much  injury  to  the  tender  foliage  of  the 
grape  vine,  &c.,  and  are  very  destructive  to  greenhouse  plants.  Thrips 
cerealeum,  (PI.  XII,  Figs.  9,  10,)  injures  the  wheat  crop  in  Europe  by  suck 
ing  the  sap  of  the  grain  or  .seed  and  cause  it  to  shrivel  up  and  wither.  MR. 
WALSH,  however,  considered  the  true  Thrips  in  the  light  of  a  beneficial 
insect,  stating  that  it  destroyed  the  lavvae  of  the  destructive  wheat  midge 
Cecidomyia  (Diplosis)  tritici  and  other  injurious  insects. 

Some  of  the  wingless  orthoptera  (Podura,  the  springtail,  PL  VI,  Fig.  17,) 
are  stated,  by  MR.  CURTIS,  to  feed  upon  the  pulp  of  leaves,  at  the  same  time 
poisoning  the  sap  and  thus  injuring  the  plants.  The  Mallophaga  (or  bird 
lice,  PL  XII, "Fig.  1,)  Nirmus  argulus  and  dog  louse,  Trichodectes  latus, 
PI.  VI,  Fig.  8.)  feed  upon  the  feathers  and  hairs  of  the  birds  or  animals  they 
infest,  and  do  not  injure  them  by  sucking  the  blood.  By  thus  studying  the 
food  of  the  various  Orthopterous  insects,  we  find  that  all  of  them  are  more 
or  less  injurious  to  the  farmer,  with  the  sole  exception  of  the  Mantis,  or 
rear-horse,  as  it  is  commonly  called  in  Maryland  and  Virginia,  which  lives 
altogether  on  animal  food,  and  is,  therefore,  beneficial  as  destroying  injurious 
insects. 

The  family  of  Orthoptera  is  stated,  by  DR.  PACKARD,  to  contain  "about 
5,000  species"  and  constitutes  a  very  important  article  of  food  for  certain 
animals,  birds  and  fishes.  Some  of  the  grasshoppers  are  even  eaten  by  our 
western  Indians,  when  partially  roasted  and  coarsely  pulverized  between  two 
stones.  A  specimen  of  food  used%by  the  Indians  now  in  the  Museum  of  the 
Department  of  Agriculture,  in  Washington,  sent  from  Camp  Harney,  Oregon, 
by  Asst.  Surgeon  MOFFATT,  U.  S.  A.,  which  contains  a  great  number 
of  the  heads  and  femora  of  some  great  wingless  grasshopper  or  cricket, 
(apparently  Anabrus  simplex,  PL  IX,  Fig.  1,)  which  is  so  abundant  in  some 
parts  of  the  west.  Several  of  the  Orthoptera  are  also  subject  to  be  destroyed 
by  both  external  and  internal  parasites.  A  coleopterous  insect,  Pvhipiphorus, 
(Symbius)  blattarum,  probably  the  same  as  Khipidius,  mentioned  by  PACKARD, 
is  parasitic  in  the  bodies  of  certain  cockroaches.  Several  species  of  Ichneu 
mon-flies,  Evania  loevigata,  Oliv,  and  a  species  of  Pteromalus  are  said  to 
destroy  the  eggs  of  cockroaches.  A  large  species  of  Asilus,  or  robber-fly, 
according  to  the  REV.  C.  THOMAS,  also  destroys  numbers  of  grasshoppers  by 
sucking  out  their  juices.  A  species  of  Tachina,  a  two- winged  fly,  very  similar 


to  our  house  fly,  but  larger,  and  having  a  more  hairy  body,  destroys  the  per 
fect  insect  of  the  Mantis,  or  rear-horse,  as  many  as  nine  having  come  out 
of  the  body  of  one  Mantis  Carolina,  (PI.  II,  Figs.  1,  2,  3.)  An  Ichneumon- 
fly  destroys  the  eggs  of  katydids.  Crickets,  grasshoppers  and  katydids 
are  infested  with  the  Filaria,  Gregarina  and  Gordins,  hair-snakes,  or  worms, 
which  live  in  their  bodies.  A  small  scarlet-red  mite  Astoma  locustarum 
(WALSH)  or  Ocypete  of  HARRIS  is  frequently  found  clustered  on  the  body  or 
under  the  wings  of  grasshoppers,  and  it  is  said  that  when  numerous,  they 
eventually  kill  the  insect  they  infest.  In  late  summer  and  autumn  great 
numbers  of  dead  and  dried-up  grasshoppers  are  frequently  observed  in  Ma 
ryland  and  Virginia,  clinging  fast  to  the  tops  of  the  highest  stalks  of  grass 
or  weeds.  These  probably  have  been  destroyed  by  some  animal  or  vegetable 
parasite,  at  present  unknown. 

Many  of  the  so-called  dirt-daubers,  mud  and  sand  wasps,  provision 
their  neste  with  young  grasshoppers  to  serve  as  food  for  their  larva,  and 
there  is  no  doubt  that  when  more  attention  is  given  to  the  habits  of  our 
Orthoptera,  many  other  parasites  especially  among  the  Ichneumon-flies,  Chal- 
'•ididea,  &c.,  will  be  discovered  and  made  known  to  the  public. 


ALPHABETICAL  LIST 

OK 


VEGETABLE  AND  ANIMAL  SUBSTANCES 


INJURED    BY 


ORTHOPTERA. 

The  number  of  the  plate  on  which  the  insect  is  figured  will  be  distinguished  by  being  in 
Roman  numerals,  whilst  the  number  of  the  figure  will  be  placed  in  italics,  thus  IV,  6;  plate  4, 
figure  6. 

When  the  mark,  f,  is  placed  before  the  name  of  an  insect,  it  signifies  that  it  is  injurious; 
tt.  very  injurious;  ||,  beneficial;  f||,  more  injurious  than  beneficial;  and  ||f,  more  beneficial 
than  injurious. 


Aphides,  f||CEcanthus  niveus,  IV,  1,  g,  said  to 
destroy  plant  lice,  and  also  injures  grape 
vines,  Ac. 

Beneficial.     See  Predaceous. 

Birds.  Nirmu?  argnlus,  XII,  1.  Lonse.  Para 
sitic  upon 

Blackberry.  fGCcanthus  niveus,  IV,  2,  £,  de 
posits  eggs  in  cane,  and  injures 

Cherry.  fCEcanthus  niveus,  IV,  1,  %,  deposits 
eggs  in  cane,  and  injures 

Books.  f  Ectobia  germanica,  I,  4,  eats,  destroys 
and  covers  with  filth. 

Books.  tStylopyga  orientalis,  VII,  2,  (and  other 
cockroaches  in  general,)  eats,  destroys,  and 
covers  with  filth. 

Caves.  Hadenoecus  subterranens,  VIII,  6, 
found  in 

Clothing,  f  Ectobia  germanica,  I,  4,  eats  and 
destroys 

Clothing.  fStylopyga  orientalis,  VII,  S,  eats 
and  destroys 

Corn.    See  Maize. 

Currant.  fCEcanthos  niveus,  IV,  1,  S,  deposit* 
eggs  on  twigs,  and  injures 

Deer  fallow.  Trichodectes  longicornis,  XII,  3. 
Louse,  parasite  on 

Diplosis  trihci.     See  wheat  midge. 

Dogs.  Trichpdectes  latus,  VI,  5.  Lonse,  para 
site  on 

Dogs.  Haematopinns  piliferus,  XII,  6.  para 
sitic  on 

Fruits.  fGryllus  neglectns,  (and  crickets  in  gen 
eral,)  X,  $,  injure 

Fruits.  fCaloptenns  femnr-rubrum,  (and  grass 
hoppers  in  general,)  VIII,  S,  injure 


Fungi.     Smynthnrus.VI,  7,  inhabits 
Gnaphalium. .  Auisomorpha  buprestoides,  I,  S, 

probably  feeds  on 
Grain.     ftCaloptenus  femur-rnbrum  (and  grass- 

hopperein  general,)  VIII,  S,  destroys  plants. 
Grain.      ffThrips  cerealeum  (Europe.)  XII,  9, 

10,  sucks  out  milky  juice,  and  destroys 
Grape.     fCEcanthus  niveus,  IV,  1,  g,  devours 

foliage,  severs  branches,  and  injures  shoots 

by  depositing  eggs  in  them. 
Grape.   fOrochans  saltator,  III,  11,  12,  deposits 

eggs  on  branches,  aud  injures 
Grass     ftCaloptenusfemur-rubrum,  (and  all  the 

grasshoppers  in  general,)  VIII,  S,  eat  snd 

destroy 
Grass,     f^dipoda,  sulphurea,  Ac.,  Ac.,  V.  6,  eat 

and  destroy 
Grass,     f  Acridium  americanum,  Ac.,  I,  If,  (and 

many  of  the  other  orthoptera.) 
Greenhouse  plants.     ffThrips.  (?)  VI,  9,  injure 
Herbage.     See  insects  destroying  grass. 
Hog.    Haematopinus  suis,  XII,  7,  louse  parasitic 

on 

Horse.     Trichodectes  equi,  XII,  4,  louse  para 
sitic  on 

Insects  in  general.     See  predaceous. 
Leather.     T  Ectobia  germanica,  (and  other  cock 
roaches,)  I,  <f,  eat  holes  in 
Lemon.    fPhylloptera  oblongifolia,  IV,  4,  (and 

other  insects  found  on  orange,)  injure  foliage. 
Maize,     ff  Caloptanus  femur-rubrum,  VIII.  8, 

(and  many  of  the  other  grasshoppers,)  injure 

young  plants  and  blades.     See  grass. 
Melons.     tGrylltu  neglectus,  X,  £  (and  other 

crickets,)  injure 


Oak.     Acridium  rubiginosum,  V,  S,  found  on 

Oak.   Phlcethrips  autumnalis.  XII,  11.  found  on 

Onion,  fj-  Limothrips  tritioi  (for  Thrips  see  VI. 
9,)  injures 

Orange.  fPhylloptera  oblongifolia,  IV,  4,  in 
jures  foliage. 

Orange,  f  Romalea  microptera,  III,  4,  injures 
foliage. 

Orange,  f  Acridium  obscurum,  V,  £,  injures  fol 
iage. 

Palmetto.  Anisomorpha  buprestoides,  I,  S,  found 
on 

Paper.    See  books. 

Peacock.  Philopterus  falcicornis,  VI,  1,  louse 
parisitic  on 

Peach.  fCEcanthus  niveus,  IV,  1,  S,  injures 
twigs  by  depositing  eggs  in  them. 

Plum.  fCEcanthus  mveus,  IV,  1,  S,  injures 
twigs  by  depositing  eggs  in  them. 

Potato.  f  Gryllus  neglectus,  X,  S,  (and  other 
crickets,)  feeds  on,  and  injures 

Potato.  fCaloptenus  femur  rubrum,  VIII,  S, 
(and  other  grasshoppers,)  sometimes  injure 
foliage. 

Potato.  fGryllotalpa  longipennis,  I,  IS,  (and 
mole  crickets  in  general,)  injure  roots,  &c. 

Poultry.  Menapon  pailidum,  XII,  S,  louse,  par 
asitic  on. 

Predaceous.  [|  Mantis  Carolina,  II,  1,  S,  feed  en 
tirely  on  other  insects. 

Predaceous.  f||  Forficula,  VI,  19,  said  to  eat 
aphides,  &c.,  but  also  destructive  to  flowers, 
fruits,  &c.,  in  Europe. 

Predaceous.  f||  Thrips,  VI,  9,  said  to  destroy 
larva?  of  wheat  midge,  &c. 

Predaceous.  fll  Anabrus  simplex,  IX,  1,  de 
vours  harvest-fly  or  cicada. 


Raspberry,     f  (Ecant'ius  niveus,  IV,  1,  S,  in 
jures  twigs  by  depositing  eggs  in  them. 
Roots  in  general,  f  Gryllus  neglectus,  X,  S,  (and 

crickets  in  general,)  feed  upon  and  injure 
Koots  in  general.     fGryllotalpa  longipennis,  I, 

IS,  (and  mole  crickets  in  general,)  feed  upon 

and  injure 
Silk.      fLepisma  saccharina,  VI,  6,  said  to  eat 

holes  in 
Shrubs,     f  Cyrtophyllus  concavus,  IV,  IS,  (and 

katydids  in  general,)  feed  on 
Shrubs.     Diapheromera  femorata,     X,  1,  feeds 

on  foliage. 
Squash,     f  Gryllus  neglectus,  X,  .S,  (and  other 

crickets,)  feeds  upon,  and  injures 
Pumpkin,  &c.  fCaloptenus  femur-rubrum,  VIII, 

S,  (and  other  grasshoppers,)  injures  foliage. 
Sugar-cane.        Gryllotalpa    didactyla   in   West 

Indies,  injures 

Swan.     Dacophorus  cygni,  louse  parasitic  on 
Trees.     See  shrubs. 
Vegetables.      f  Gryllus   neglectus,  (X,  S,  (and 

other  crickets,)  injures  roots  and  leaves. 
Vegetables,     f  Gryllotalpa  longipennis,    I,    1£ 

(and  other  mole  crickets,)  injures  roots  and 

leaves. 
Vegetables.    ffCaloptenus  femu-rrubrum,  VIII, 

S,  (and  other  grasshoppers,)  destroys 
Vegetable  substances.    Podura,  VI,  7,  feeds  upon 
Victuals,     ft  Ectobia  germanica,  I,  4,  (and  all 

cockroaches,)  injures  and  render  filthy. 
Wheat.  tfThripscerealum.IX,  JO,  injures  gram. 
Wheat  midge.     f||  Thrips,  V,  9,said'by  WALSH 

to  destroy  larvae  of  wheat  midge  so   des 
tructive  to  grain. 
Woollen  cloth,      f  Gryllus  domestica.     VI,  14, 

eats  holes  in 


ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   GENERA 
FIGURED. 

NOTE. — The  number  of  the  plate  on  which  the  insect  is  figured  will  be  distinguished  by  being 
in  Roman  numerals,  whilst  the  number  of  the  figure  will  be  in  italics,  thus :  IV,  6;  plate  4,  figure  6. 


Acheta.     See  Gryllus,  Nemobius. 

Arri'lium  alutaceum,  VIII,  IS;  X,  13. 

Acridiura  americanum,  I,  IS. 

Acridium  frontalis,  XI,  1. 

Acridinm  obscurum,  V,lg. 

Acridium  rubiginosum,  V,  5. 

Acridium  semirubrum,  XIII,  14. 

Acridium.     See   also.      Caloptenus,    CEdipoda, 

Opomala,  Tettix,  Tragocephala. 
Acrolophitus  hirtipes,  IX,  7. 
Anabrus.     See  also  Pterolepis. 
Anabrus  haldemannii,  VII,  17. 
Anabrus  simplex,  IX,  1. 
Anisomorpha  buprestoides,  I,  8. 
Bacteria.    See  Diapheromera. 
Bacunculus.     See  Diapheromera. 
Batrachidea  (pupa)  XIII,  S. 
Batrachidea  crestata,  V,  S. 
Blatta.     See  Ectobia  Periplaneta. 

Platamodes.    Stylopyga. 
Boopidon  flavofasceatum,  VIII,  10. 
Boopidon  nubilum,  XIII,  10. 
Brachypeplus  magnns,  VII,  11. 
Brachypeplus  virescens,  IX,  3. 
Caloptenns  bivittatus,  I,  16;  V,  16. 
Caloptenus  differentialis,  VIII,  8;  IX,  4;  XI,  6. 
Caloptenns  dodgei,  XI  ,  4,  S,  9. 
Caloptenus  femur-rubrum,  V,  11;  VIII,  £. 
Caloptenus  griseus,  XII,  14. 
Caloptenus  occidentals,  XI,  a. 
Caloptenus  spretus,  VIII,  1;  XIII,  IS 
Caloptenus  turnbullii,  XI,  10. 
Caloptenus  viridis,  XI,  3. 
Camptonotns  scndderi,  VIII,  IS. 
Ceutliophilus  lapidicolus,  VII,  4,  S. 
Ceuthophilus  macnlatus,  III,  S. 
Ceuthophilus  Uhlerii,  VIII,  8. 
Chlojaltis  conspersa,  VI,  11 ;  X,  Ig. 
Chlcealtis  viridis,  X,  S. 
Chlcealtis.     See  also  Stenobothrus. 
Conocephalus  ensiger,  IV,  IS. 
Copiopnora  mucronata,  VII,  S;  VIII,  14. 
Copiphora.     See  Copiophora. 
Cryptocercus  pnnctulatus,  VI,  SO. 
Cyrtacanthacris.     See  Acridinm. 
Cyrtophyllus  conca%rus,  IV,  IS. 
Daihinia  brevipes,  VII,  14,  IS. 
Daihinia.     See  Udeopsylla. 


Decticus.    See  also  Thamnotrizon. 

Decticus  pallidipalpis,  IX,  3. 

Diapheromera  femorata,  I,  7;  X,  1. 

Docophorus  cygni,  XII,  S. 

Ectobia  germanica,  I,  4. 

Ephippigera  tschivavensis,  XI,  IS. 

Ephippigera.     See  also  Ceuthophilus. 

Ephippitytha  gracilipes,  XI,  11. 

Forficeaifa  gigantea,  X,  8. 

Forficula.     See  also  Labia. 

Forficula.    (?)    VI,  19. 

Gomphocerus.    See  Tragocephala. 

Gryllotalpa  borealis,  VII,  13. 

Gryllotalpa  longipennis,  I,  IS. 

Gryllus  aobreviatus,  VII,  17. 

Gryllus  domesticns,  VI,  14. 

Gryllus  (?)  formosus,  IX,  6. 

Gryllus  luctuosus,  IX,  10. 

Gryllus  neglectus,  X,  S. 

Oryllns  pennsylvanicus,  I,  13,  14. 

Gryllus.     See  also  Acridinm,  Acrolophitus,  Cal- 

opetnus,  (Ecanthus,  CEdipoda,  Pyrgomor- 

]>ha,  Romalea. 

Hadenascus  subterraneus,  VIII,  6. 
Haematopinns  piliferus,  XII,  6. 
Haematopinus  snis,  XII,  4. 
Labia,  minor,  X,  3. 
Labia  minuta,  I,  10. 
Lepisma  saccharina,  VI,  6. 
Locusta  fuligmosa,  IX,  9. 
Locusta  occidentalis,  XI,  16. 
Locusta.       See     also    Conocephalns,    Gryllus. 

CEdipoda,  Phaneroptera,  Phylloptera,  Ste- 

oobothrus,  Xiphidium. 
Machilis  variabilis,  VI,  8,  3. 
Mantis  (?)  XII,  16, 
Mantis  (?)  XIII,  13. 
Mantis  Carolina,  II,  1,  2.  3,  Ac. 
Micitis  missouriensis,  XIII,  11. 
Menopon  pullidnm,  XII,  2. 
Mesops  Wyomingensis,  IV,  9;  XI,  S. 
Microcentrum  retinervis,  IV,  S. 
Microcentrum  egg,  IV,  16. 
Nemobius  exigiuns,  VII,  IS. 
Nemobius  fasciatus,  III,  9,  10. 
Nemobius  vittatus,  VI,  13. 
Nirmus  argulus,  XII,  1. 
(Ecanthus  bipunctatus,  IV,  S,  6. 


8 


CEcanthus  niveua,  IV,  1,  S. 
(Edipoda  aequalis,  XIII,  g. 

atrox,  VIII,  3. 
'        carinata,  X,  7. 

Carolina,  V,  3. 

carlingiana,  XII,  SI. 

cincta  XII,  13. 

coralipes,  III,  g. 

discoidea,  III,  3,  7. 

eucerata  III,  S :  V,  13    .VI  S3. 

Haldemanii,  XIII,  3. 

longipennis,  XIII,  4. 

maratima,  XII,  17. 
"  marmorata,  VII,  9. 
"  inontana,  XII,  13. 

pellucida,  XII,  20. 

phcenicoptera,  V,  4. 

rugosa,  XII,  g, 

eordida,  X,  11. 

sulphurea,  V,  6. 

tenebrosa,  IX,  2. 

trifasciata,  IX,  6. 

verruculata,  X,  6. 

undulata,  XII,  IS. 

See  also  Tragocephala. 
Opomala  bivittata,  VI,  24  and  26;  XI,  7. 
Opsomala.      See  Opomala,  Mesops  and  Pyrgo- 

morpha. 

Orchelimum  vulgare,  IV,  7,  S;  VII,  6. 
Orchelimum.     See  also  Xiphidiutn. 
Orocharis  saltator,  III,  11,  IS. 
Oxycoryphus  obscurus,  XIII,  13. 
Fediculus.     See  Phylopterus. 
Periplaneta  americana,  I,  S. 
Pezotettix  borealis,  VI,  16. 

"         nebrascensis,  XIII,  g. 

obesa,  XI,  13,  14. 

picta,  VIII.  4. 
"         unicolor,  XIII,  9. 
Phalangopsis.     See  Ceuthophilus,  Udeopsylla. 
Phaneroptera  coloradensis,  XI,  IS. 

curvicauda,  VII,  S,  S,  and  V,  10. 
Philopterus  falcicornis,  VI,  1. 
Phlcethrips  coreacea,  VI,  4. 
Phrynotettix  verruculata,  VI,  25 
Phylloptera  (?)  egg,  IV,  16. 


Pbylloptera  oblongifolia,  X.  9;  IV,  4;  XIII,  1. 
rotundifolia,  VI,  IS. 
See  also  microcentrum. 
Platamodes  pennsylvanica,  I,  1  and  3 
Platyphyllum.     See  Cyrtophyllus. 
Podisma.     See  Pezotettix. 
Pterolepis  miuutus,  XI,  17. 
Pterolepis.     See  Anabrus  also. 
I'odura  villosa.  VI,  7. 

Pterophylla.      See   also  Cyrtophyllus,  Orcheli 
mum,  Xiphidium. 
Pyrgomofpha  brevicornis,  IV,  14. 
PJiaphidophora,     See  Ceuthophilus,  Hadenacus 
Romalea  microptera,  III,  4. 
Smynthurus,  VI,  7. 

Spectrum.     See  Diapheromera,  Anisomorpha 
Stauronotus,  Elliotti,  VIII,  11. 
Stenobothrus  admirabilis,  IV,  13;  V,  14. 
aequalis,  VI,  SI. 

curtipennis,  VI.  IS;  VII, 10;  X  4- 
XII,  IS. 

maculipennis,  X,  14;  VI,  £7. 
longipennis,  V,  IS. 
Stenopelmatus  talpa,  I,  10. 

fasciatus,  XIII,  7. 

Stylopyga  orientalis,  I,  S,  6;  VII,  12. 
Tettigidea  polymorpha  VII  1 
Tettix  lateralis,  VIII,  7. 

ornata,  V,  1  and  S;  XII,  19. 
Tetrix,  Tettigidea,  Batrachidea. 
Thamnotrizon,  dorsale,  I,  11. 

scabralis,  XIII,  6. 
trilineatus,  VIII,  5 
Thrips(?)  VI,  6,  9;  XII,  11. 
cerealum,  XII,  9,  10. 
Tomonotus.     See  (Edipoda  tenebrosa. 
Tragocephala  infuscata,  X,  S. 

viridifasciata,  V,  9. 
Trinhodectes  equi,  XII,  4. 
latus  VI,  g. 
longicornis,  XII,  3. 
Tridactylus  terminalis,  III,  6. 
Udeopsylla  robusta,  VIII,  9. 
Xiphidium  brevipennie,  IV,  11. 
fasciatum,  IV,  10. 


ALPHABETICAL  LIST  OF  SPECIES 
FIGURED. 


abbreviate  Gryllus,  VII,  17. 
abbreviate  Acheta.    See  Gryllus. 
abortiva  Chloealtis.    See  C.  consperea. 
acuminata  Locusta.     See  Conocephalus,  ensiger. 
aequalis  CEdipoda,  XIII,  S. 

"      LocuBta.     See  CEdipoda. 
"     Gryllns.    See 
"      Stenobothrus,  VI,  SI. 
agilis  Pterophylla.     See  Orchelimnm  vnlgare. 
alutaceum  Acridium,  VIII,  IS;  X,  13. 
americanum  Acridium,  I,  IS. 

"        Cyrtacanthacris.     See  Acridinm. 
"        Gryllo8.     See  Acridium. 
americana  Periplaneta,  I,  g. 

"         Blatta.     See  Periplaneta. 
americanus.     Gryllotalpa.    See  G.  borealis. 
augustifolia  Phaneroptera.    See  P.  curvicauda. 
arenosa  Tetrix.     See  T.  Oraata. 
argulua  Nirmus,  XII,  1. 
atrox  CEdipoda,  VIII,  8. 
bipunctatus  CEcanthus,  IV,  S,  6. 

Gryllns.     See  CEcanthns. 
bilineata  Tetrix.     See  T.  ornata. 
bivittatus  Caloptenus,  I,  16;  V,  16. 
"       Gryllus.    See  Caloptenus. 
bivittata  Opomala,  VI,  84-86;  XI,  7. 

Acridium.     See  Opomala. 
"       Opsomala.     See  Opomala. 
bivittatam   Spectrum.      See   Anisomorpha  bn- 

prestoides. 
borealis  Gryllotalpa,  VII,  13, 

Pezotettix,  VI,  16. 
brevicornis  Pyrgomorpha,  IV,  14, 

'          Opomala.     See  Pyrgomorpha. 

1          Truxalis.     See  Pyrgomorpha. 

brev  pennis  Gryllotalpa.     See  G.  borealia. 

Xiphidium,  IV,  11. 
brevipes  Daihinia,  VII,  14,  IS. 
buprestoides  Anisomorpha,  I,  S. 

Phasma.     See  Anisomorpha. 
carinata  CEdipoda,  X,  7. 
carlingiana      "       XII,  SI. 
Carolina          "       V,  3. 

Locusta.    See  CEdipoda. 
caroliniana  Locusta. 
Carolina,  Mantis  II.  1,  t,  3,  Ac. 
centurio  Gryllns.    See  Romalea  microptera. 
cerealeum  Thrip,  XII,  9, 10. 
cincta  CEdipoda,  XII,  13. 
coloradensis  Phaneroptera,  XI,  IS. 
concavus  Cyrtophyllus,  IV,  IS. 
concavum  Platyphyllum.     See  Cyrtophyllus. 
concava  Pterophylla.     See  Cyrtophyllus. 
conspersa  Chlcealtis,  VI,  11;  X,  IS. 
corallina  Locusta.    See  CEdipoda,  phoemcoptera. 
corallipes  CEdipoda,  III,  S.    See  also  <E  Halde- 


coriacea  Phloeothrips,  VI,  4. 
cristata  Batrachidea,  V,  S. 

Tetrix.      See  Batrachidea. 
curtipennis    Stenobothrus,   VI,  IS;    VII,   1C ; 

X,  14;  XII,  IS. 

curtipennis  Chloealtis.     See  Stenobothrus. 

"          Locusta.    See  Stenobothrus. 
curvicauda  Phaneroptera,  VII,  S,  3 ;  V,  10. 

"          Locusta.    See  Phaneroptera. 
cygni  Docophorus,  XII,  S. 
damnificum  Acridium.      See  A.  rubiginosum. 
differenlialis    Caloptenus,    VIII,    12;    IX,    4 ; 

XI,  6. 

discoidea  CEdipoda,  III,  7. 

dodgei  Caloptenus,  XI,  4,  S,  9. 

domesticus  Gryllus,  Vl,  14. 

domestica  Acheta.     See  Gryllns. 

dorpale  Thamnotrizon,  1, 11. 

dorsalis  Tetrix.    See  Tettix  ornata. 

elliotti  Stauronotus,  VIII,  11. 

ensiger  Conocephalus,  IV,  IS. 

earn  Trichodectes,  XII,  4. 

eucerata  CEdipoda,  III,  S;  V,  13;  VI,  £3. 

"        Locusta.    See  CEdipoda. 
exiguus  Nemobius,  VII,  IS. 

"      Acheta.     See  Nemobius. 
falcicornis  Philopterus,  VI,  1. 
fasciatum  Xiphidium,  IV,  11. 
fasciatus  Nemobius,  III,  9,  10, 
"      Gryllus.     See  Nemobius. 
"      (Ecanthus.    See  CE.  niveus. 
"      Stenopelmatus,  XIII,  7. 
femorata  Diapheromera,  I,  7;  X,  1. 
femoratus  Bacunculus.     See  Diapheromera. 
femoratum  Spectrum.     See  Diapheromera. 
femoratus  Calopteaus.    See  C.  bivittatus. 
femur-rubrum  Caloptenus,  V,  11;  VIII,  *. 
Acridium.     See  Caloptenus. 
flavicorne  Acridium.     See  A.  semi-rubrum. 
flavofasciatum  Boopidon,  VIII,  10. 
formodus  Gryllus  (?)  IX,  S . 
frontalis  Acridium,  XI,  1. 

"      Pezotettix,  XIII,  S. 
fuliginosa  Locueta,  IX,  9. 
germanica  Ectobia,  I,  4. 

Blatta.     See  Ectobia. 
gigantea  ForBcesila,  X,  S. 
gracile  Orchelimum.     See  Xiphidium,  fasciatnui 
gracilipes  Ephippitytha,  XI,  11. 
griseus  Caloptenus,  XII,  14. 
haldemannii  Pterolepis.     See  Anabros. 
haldemannii  Anabrus,  VII,  16. 

CEdipoda,  XIII,  S.I 
See  also  CE.  cprrallipes.         ) 
hirtipes  Acrolophitus,  IX,  7. 

"      Gryllus.    See  Acrolophiuw. 
hospes  Acheta.    See  Nemobius  fasciatus. 


10 


infuscata  Tragocephala,  X,  8. 

"       Qomphocerus.     See  Tragocephala. 
lapidicolus  Ceuthophilus,  VII,  4,  S. 
lapidicola  Phalangopsis.     See  Ceuthophilus. 
"         Baphidiphora.     See  Ceuthophilus. 
lateralis  Tettix,  V,  7. 

"        Tetrix.     See  Tettix. 

"        Acridium.     See  Tettix. 
latipennis  Locusta.     See  CEdipoda  verrueulata. 
latus  Trichodectes,  VI,  S. 
longicornis  Tnchodectes,  .XII,  3. 
longipennis  Gryllotalpa,  I,  IS. 

Stenobothrus,  V,  IS. 
luctuosus  Gryllua,  IX,  10. 

"  Acheta.  See  Gryllus. 
maculatus  Ceuthophilus,  III,  5. 
maculata  Ephippigera.  See  Ceuthophilus. 

"         Phalangopsis.     See  Ceuthophilus. 

"         Ehaphidiphora.     See  Ceuthophilus. 
maculipennis  Stenobothrus,  VI,  £1 ;  X,  14. 
magnus,  Brachypeplus,  VII,  It. 
maritima  CEdipoda,  XII,  17. 

"         Locusta.     See  CEdipoda. 
marmorata  CEdipoda.     VII,  9, 

"  Locusta    See  CEdipoda. 

microptera  Romalea.,  Ill,  4. 
minor  Labia,  X,  3. 

"      Forficula.     See  Labia. 
minuta  Labia,  I,  10. 
minutus  Pterolepis,-  XI,  17. 
minutus  Anabrus.     See  also  Pterolepis. 
missouriensia  Mantis,  XIII,  11. 
montana  CEdipoda,  XII,  12. 
mucronata  Copiophora,  VII,  S ;  VIII,  14. 

Copiphora.     See  Copiophora. 
nebulosa  Locusta.     See  CEdipoda  sordida. 
nebrascencis  Pezotettix,  Xll,  S. 
ueglectus  Gryllus,  X,  S. 

nietanus  Tomonotus.     See  CEdipoda  tenebrosa. 
nigrum  Boopidon.     See  B.  nubilum. 
niveus  CEcauthus,  IV,  1,  S. 

"       Gryllus.     See  CKcanthus. 
nubilum  Boopidon,  XIII,  10. 
nubilus  Urylfus.     See  Boopidon. 
obesa  Pezottettix,  XI,  13, 14. 
oblongifolia  Phylloptera,   IV,  4;  X,  9;  and 

XIII,  1. 

oblongifolia  Locusta.     See  Phylloptera. 
obscurum  Acridium,  V./.0. 
obscurus  Gryllus.     See  Acridium. 
obscurus  Oxycoryplms,  XIII,  13. 
occidentals  Locusta,  XI,  16. 
orientalis  Stylopyga,  I,  S,  6;  VII,  IS. 

Blatta.     See  Stylopyga. 
ornata  Tettix,  V,  1,  2;  XII,  19. 
oniatum  Acridium.     See  Tettix. 

Tetrix.     See  Tettix. 
pallidum  Menapon,  XII,  B. 
pallidipalpis  Decticus,  IX,  S. 
parvipennis  Tettix.   See  Tettigidea,  Polymorpha. 
pavonius  Pediculus.  See  Phylopterus  falcicornis. 
pellucida  CEdipoda,  XII,  20. 
pennsylvanica  Platamodes,  I,  1,  3. 

"  Blatta.     See  Platamodes. 

pennsylvanicus.     See  Gryllus. 
phcenicoptera  CEdipoda,  V,  4. 
picta  Pezotettix,  VIII,  4. 
piliferus,  Haematopiuus,  XII,  6. 


polymorpha  Tettigidea,  VII,  1. 

Tetrix.  .  See  Tettigidea. 
pruinosa  CEdipoda.     See  CEdipoda  trifasciata. 
pulchellus  Phyllopalpus,  VI,  &g. 
punctulatus  CEcanthus.      See   CEcanthus,  bi- 

punctatus. 

punctulatus  Cryptocercus,  VI,  £0. 
quadrimaculata  Tetrix.     See  T.  Ornata. 
retinervis  Microcentrum,  IV,  3. 

"          Ph}'lloptera.     See  Microcentrum. 
robusta  Udeopsylla,  VIII,  9. 
"         Daihinia.     See  Udeopsylla. 
"         Phalangopsis.     See  Ldeopsylla. 
rotundifolia  Phylloptera,  VI,  IS. 
rugosa  Gidipoda,  XII,  S. 
rubiginosum  Acridium,  V,  S. 
rusticum  (Burm.  only)  Acridium.     See  A.  Ali>- 

taceum. 

radiata  Tragocephala.     See  T.  viridifasciata. 
saccharina  Lepisma,  VI,  6. 
paltator  Orocharis,  III,  11,  IS. 
sayii  Bacteria.     See  Diapherompra  femorata. 
scabricollis  Thamnotrizon,  XIII,  6. 
scudderi  Camptonotus,  VIII,  IS. 
semi-rubrum  Acridium,  XIII,  14. 
servilis  Acheta.     See  Nemobius  vittatus. 
simplex  Anabrus,  IX,  1. 
sordida  CEdipoda,  X,  11. 

Tettix.     See  T.  ornata. 
spretus  Caloptenus,  VIII,  1;  XIII,  IS. 
subterraneus  Hadensecus,  VIII,  6. 

"  Rhaphidiphora.     See  Iladen«cus. 

sulphurea  CEdipoda,  V,  6. 

"         Locusta.      See  CEdipoda. 

"        Gryllus.     See  (Edipoda. 
suis  Haematopinus,  XII,  4. 
talpa  Stenopelmatus,  I,  10. 
tenebrosa  CEdipoda,  IX,  8. 
terminalis  Tndactylus,  III,  6. 
torvum  Acridium.     See  C.  Alutaceum. 
trifasciata  CEdipoda,  IX,  6. 

"        Gryllus.     See  CEdipoda. 
trilineatus  Thamnotrizon,  VIII,  S. 

"         Decticus.     See  Thamnotrizon. 
tschivavensis  Ephippigera,  XI,  IS. 
tuberculatum  Acridium.     See  A.  discoidea. 
turnbullii  Caloptenus,  XI,  10. 
uhleri  Ceuthophilus,  VIII,  S. 
undulata  CEdipoda,  XII,  IS. 
unieolor  Pezottetix,  XIII,  4. 
variabilis  Machilis,  VI,  S,  3. 
verrueulata  (Edipoda,  X,  6. 

"  Locusta..     See  (Edipoda. 

"  Phrynotettix,  VI,  26. 

villosa  Podura,  VI,  7. 
virescens  Brachypeplus,  IX,  3. 
virginianum  Acridium.     See  Tragocephala  viri 

difasciata. 

virginiana  (Edipoda.     See  viridifasciata. 
viridis  Caloptenus,  XI,  3. 
viridis  Chloealtis,  X,  §. 

"       Stenobothrus.     See  Chloealtis. 
viridifasciata  Tragocephala,  V,  9. 
vittatus  Nemobius,  III,  9,  10. 
vulgare  Orchelimum,  IV,  7,  S;  VII.  6. 
wyomingensis  Mesops,  IV,  9 ;  XI,  S. 
"  Opomala.    See  Mesops. 


LIST     OF 
DESIDERATA  TO  FINISH  THE  WORK. 


ilapithus  agitator,  Uhler,  (Md.) 

Gryllus  augustus,  Scudd.,  (Mass.) 

Xya  apicalis,  Uhler,  (South  Western  States.) 

Tndactylns  minutus,  Soudd.,  (111.) 

Cyphoderris  monstrosa,  Uhler,  (Oregon.) 

Platyphyllum   perspHllatum,  Serv.  and  Uhler 

in  Harris  (U.  S.) 

Thyreonotus  dorsalis,  Scudd.,  (Mass,  and  Md.) 
Orchesticus  americanns,  Snuss.,  (Tenn.) 
(iryllacris  carolinensis,  Gerst,  (Car.) 
Tropidi»chia  xanthostoma,  Scudd.,  (Oal.) 
Podisma  (Acridium,)  borkii  Stal,  (Cal.) 
A<  ri'lium  flavofascialum,  Thomas,  (dol.) 
Arcyptera  lineata,  Scudd.  (Mass.) 

platyptera,  Scudd.,  (New  Eng.) 

"          gracilis,  (Bed  River,  Brit.  Am.) 
Tragocephala  radiata,  Erichs,  (Mass.)  (nrob.  syn. 

infuscata.  ?  .) 

Tettix  cucullata,  Burm.  (Mass.) 
"       granulata,  Scudd.,     " 
"      triangularis,  "          " 

Authenticated  specimens  of  any  of  the  above-mantioned  Orthoptera  will  be  most  thankfully 
received,  and,  after  being  figured,  will  be  returned  if  required.  Also,  any  other  new  species  not 
mentioned  in  the  list  of  insects  figured,  if  sent  to  the  Author,  will  be  figured  and  credited  to  the 
donor  or  sender  and  placed  in  an  extra  plate  of  addenda,  whenever  a  sufficient  number  of  speci 
mens  are  received  to  fill  a  plate. 


Tettix  rugosa,  Scudd.,  (Mass.) 

Batrachidea  cannata,  Scudd,  (Cal.) 

Thespis,  (Mantis,)  parva,  Drury,    pi.    II,  39, 

(Amer.) 

Philialosoma  ploiaria,  Western,  (Western  State.) 
Temnopteryx  aeropeltiformis,  Burm.,  (U.  S.) 

virginiana,  Burm.,  (Va.) 
Ischnoptera  Uhleriana,  Sauss.,  (U.  S.  Pa.,)  or  any 

in  U.  S. 

Platamodes  unicolor,  Scudd.,  (Mass.) 
Ectobia  lithophila,  Scudd.  (Mass.) 
Paratrapes  histrio,  Saus.,  (U.  S.) 
Pycnoscelis  obscurus,  Scudd.,  (Mass.) 
Brachylabris  maratima,  Dohrn,  (Southern  State.) 
Psalidophora  brunneipennis,  Serv.,  (Pa.  and  Va.) 

"  bipnnctata  Dohrn,  (Mass.) 

Forficula  pulchella  (Serv.)  (Magura.) 
Thrips  (Limothrips)  tritici,  from  Pack. 
Thrips  (Hehothrips)  hiemorrhoidalis,  Burm. 

See  Pack. 


Page  V,  and  Plates  III  and  IV;  for  "J?"  in  ,Eca; 
Plate  IV,  10;  for  "  X'/jihulium,"  read  .\ 
Plate  VII,  1  ;  for  "  parvepennit,"  read  parinjn 


ERRATA: 

"  in  Acanthus  and  .Edipoda,  read  fE. 


"  parvepennit, 

Pago  2,  line  16  ;  for  "  lawae,"  read  lan-ac. 
Page  2,  line  33;  insert  commas  after  "food"  and  "  Indians." 
Page  2,  line  35;  dele  "which"  after  U.  S.  A. 
Page  3.  last  line;  for  "  Chalcididea."  read  Chalcididae. 
Page  6,  after  swan  ;  for  "  Dacophorus,"  read  Docophortm. 
Pago  9  ;  for  "auyititifolia,"  read  anyustifolia. 


& 


